Abstract
Background: Hepatitis C is rapidly emerging as a major health
problem in developing countries including Pakistan that leads to death
and
morbidities. HCV has a high genetic variation and is classified into six
major genotypes and 67 subtypes. (Direct-Acting-Antiviral) anti-HCV
drugs therapy response, resistance and recovery rates depend on HCV
genotype.
Methods: To study the epidemiological study of HCV genotypes
in 2015-16 and their main routs of infection in the Punjab Pakistan.
Observational study of the patients from 27 centers, 4823 samples was
collected from HCV positive patients. History was noted on pre-design
tested questioner which was approved by institutional Ethical committee.
RNA was extracted using Favorgen Viral Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit.
Amplification was performed using Amplisense Genotyping kit. We studied
source of infection and therapeutic responses of varies genotypes
on the basis of geographical distribution; we found a new incitement and
provoke.
Results: A total of 4823 serum samples were tested by
type-specific genotyping assay. RNA was extracted using FoverGen Mini
Kit. For HCV
genotyping AmpliSens® HCV-genotype-FRT PCR kit variant FRT-g1-6. Detail
history of each patient was taken on a predesigned questioner
which was approved by Institutional Ethical Committee. Total 7800
individuals were analyzed by anti HCV ELISA out of which 5451 patient
were found reactive. The positive samples were further conformed by PCR
for HCV and their genotypes, out of which 4823 (88.47%) were
found detected for HCV RNA. In the division of genotypes in Punjab
varies from a maximum of 57.6% the genotype 3a, followed by 3b 14.76%
on the other hand least common genotype was type-5 (0.14%). The major
route of infection was surgery/dental procedures (52.02%), use
of unsafe syringes (18.45%), blood transfusion (16.26%), razors or
circumcision (5.90%), less than 3% due to needle stick, while 6.35% was
unclear.
Conclusion: HCV The most spread genotype in Pakistan was 3a with rate of 58% followed by genotype 3b and 1a, respectively. Dental
surgery was the main source of infection.
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