Journals on Neuro Imaging - BJSTR Journal

Abstract

Wnts are secreted lipid-modified #glycoproteins in most mammalian genomes. Wnt ligands are the essential components of Wnt signaling pathways. Before binding to specific receptors, Wnt proteins experienced post-translational modification of acylation and #N-glycosylation mediated by #acyltransferase porcupine. Mature Wnts are transported from the Golgi to plasma membrane under association with Wntless. #Retromer complex, P24 and other molecules are all involved in the secretion and release of Wnts. In this review, we provide an update of the post-translational modification, secretion and release of Wnts.Wnt proteins are a family of cysteine-rich secreted glycoproteins of approximately 350-400 amino acids in length [1]. Averagely, Wnts contains several charged residues and 23 -25 cysteines, some of them are associated with the formation of inter- and intramolecular #disulfide bonds that stabilize proper Wnt folding and #multimerization [2,3]. Till now, 19 mammalian Wnt proteins have been identified to fall into 12 conserved Wnt subfamilies. By binding to 10 different Frizzled receptor and other co-receptors, Wnt starts its cellular signal transduction. Wnt signaling transduction is essential in embryonic development, #cell proliferation, cell migration, cell fate specification, and axis patterning.

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Post-translational modifications and secretion of Wnt proteins by Yanqin Lu in BJSTR