Abstract
Background: Titanium, also known as conventional implant is
the gold standard material for dental implant. The reason behind this is
their outstanding biocompatibility, adequate mechanical properties and
beneficial results. When exposed to air, titanium instantly develops
a stable oxide layer, which forms the basis of its biocompatibility
leading to a better Osseointegration [1-3]. Zirconia (ZrO2) is a ceramicmaterial with sufficient mechanical properties for manufacturing of
medical devices [2] Zirconia-based implants were introduced into dental
implantology as a substitute to titanium implants. Zirconia seems like
an appropriate candidate for implant material due to its tooth-like
color,
its biocompatibility and its mechanical properties and low plaque
affinity [1,4] The major drawback of titanium is its gray color. In
various
situations, there could be an unaesthetic display of the metal
components due to lack of soft tissue height over the implant level this
can also
take place following soft tissue recession and marginal bone loss [4,5].
Zirconia opacity is very helpful in unfavorable clinical situations.
Radio-
Opacity can aid evaluation during radiographic controls. Frameworks of
Zirconia are made using computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/
CAM) technology [5].
Aims of this Study: The aim of this study is to review clinical and research articles conducted on zirconia dental implants, observe their
success rate with a minimum follow up of 5years & compare them with titanium dental implants.
Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed of the Pub Med database using the following key words: ‘zirconia,’ ‘zirconia
implant,’ ‘zirconia versus titanium. The searches were limited to articles in English published from 2003 to 2016.
Results: A total of 4 articles matched the criteria of a minimum 5year follow up study. A cumulative success rate of 92.2% was observed.
Conclusion: Literature search showed that the success and
longevity of dental implants strongly depend on surface characteristics
and
adequate osseointegration. And that the use of right size, shape, length
and diameter of the implant in optimal loading conditions would
increase the chances of successful implant placement. Although it also
highly depends on that the right technique is being followed by the
operator. Some of the properties of zirconia seem to be suitable for
making it an ideal dental implant, such as biocompatibility,
osseointegration,
favorable soft tissue response and aesthetics due to light transmission
and its color. Zirconia can prove a feasible alternative in replacing
titanium. A need for more clinical trials concerning resistance to
failure in long-term is of high importance.
#Ceramic Dental Implants: A Literature Review by Jodat Askari in BJSTR
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