Abstract
Desmocollin-3 [DSC3] is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to
cadherin family of homophilic adhesion molecules, and is produced
by the endoplasmic reticulum. DSC3 expression is seen in the suprabasal
layer of stratified epithelium. DSC3 is a p53 responsive gene and
can be detected by microarray. DSC3 protein expression is associated
with expression of wild type p53 expression and can be detected by
immune histochemistry. DSC3 protein is expressed on the surface of
normal tissues. In proliferative tissues like, fetal and cancer, DSC3
protein
is also seen in cytoplasm besides on cell surface. Expression of DSC3 is
used as a diagnostic biomarker to differentiate squamous NSCLC from
adenocarcinoma of lung. DSC3 expression is also seen in ovarian cancer,
melanoma, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, and meningioma cancer
arising from oral cavity.Expression of wild type p53 is associated with expression of DSC3.
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy [tyrosine kinase
inhibitors], hypo methylating agents are known to induce expression of
DSC3 in DSC3 negative cancers. As a homophilic adhesion molecule, it
provides a unique opportunity for active immunotherapy by inducing DSC3
on surface of immune cells. CADI-05 is one such immunotherapy. It
is found useful in management of squamous NSCLC and ovarian cancer when
used with chemotherapy. It improves response rate and survival.
As a mono therapy, it induces remission in melanoma and bladder cancer.
Desmocollin-3 and Cancer by Bakulesh Khamar in BJSTR
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