Journals on Medical Casereports - BJSTR Journal

Abstract

#Mastitis is the most common #breast inflammation, and is estimated to occur in approximately one in five of postpartum women [1-3]. Mastitis is often caused by milk stasis, which has various causes, including: damaged or cracked nipples, irregular feeding, failing to empty the breast, illness in the mother or baby. Mastitis often has a rapid progression with a manifestation of localized redness, swelling and pain in the breast, and mostly is accompanied by systemic symptoms: fever, chill, headache, nausea and vomiting. Due to the intolerable pain or high fever, patients are more likely to visit to emergency department for urgent #medical help. Therefore, emergency management of acute mastitis becomes popular. The common used definition is established by World Health Organization (WHO),as an inflammatory condition of the breast, possibly accompanied by infection and usually associated with lactation. However, inflammatory #breast diseases during lactation include the followings: milk stasis, engorgement, plugged (or obstructed) ducts, and mastitis [4-6]. In addition, the treatment principle of mastitis is different to other inflammatory diseases, therefore, these diseases should be distinguished from mastitis carefully. Clinically, milk stasis, engorgement and plugged ducts have been considered as the pilot process on the formation of mastitis. Sometimes, mastitis may be non-infectious, and conservative managements are sufficient to control severe inflammation of the breast. Effective milk removal and pain medication have been the mainstays of conservative treatment. Many physical methods, such as hot or cold compress, acupuncture and microwave have been demonstrated to be inconclusive for managing milk stasis [7]. However, therapeutic breast massage has been found helpful for emptying breast and relieving milk stasis [8-10]. After one time of therapeutic breast massage named six-step #recanalization manual therapy (SSRMT), as high as 98.5% milk stasis has a clinical response [9].

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Emergency Management of Acute Mastitis by Li Jiang in BJSTR