Journals on Infectious Diseases - BJSTR Journal

Abstract

Patients with #haematological malignancies, and especially those with severe #neutropenia, are prone to infections with high associated morbidity and mortality. Specifically, they are at high risk of Gram-negative #bacteraemia due to chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis and prolonged periods of neutropenia. Owing to the impact of infection on clinical outcomes, antibiotic therapy is usually initiated empirically upon suspicion of infection before the causative pathogen/s or their susceptibilities are identified. Historically, initial empirical antibiotic therapy for febrile neutropenia consisted in combination therapy including double #ß-lactam regimens and, afterwards, #aminoglycoside-ß-lactam combinations [1,2]. Pharmacological properties of #aminoglycosides include fast and concentration-dependent killing of bacteria, with a post-antibiotic effect and a potential synergistic effect [3]. Moreover, addition of an #aminoglycoside broadens the antibacterial spectrum, which in an era of increasing antimicrobial resistance may reduce the risk of prescribing inadequate empirical treatment and, at the same time, may provide protection against the development of bacterial resistance.

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Impact of β-lactam + Aminoglycoside Combination Regimen As Empirical Therapy For the Treatment of Bacteraemia Due to Gram-Negative Bacilli in Neutropenic Haematological Patients In An Era Of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMINOLACTAM Study) by Gudiol C in BJSTR