Abstract
Purpose: Campylobacter mediated diarrhoea is a leading
cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. The organisms colonize the
gastrointestinal
tract of different animal species without causing disease symptoms.
Humans acquire infections through contact with or consumption of
contaminated meat especially raw/undercooked poultry meat. The rapid
emergence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter strains heightens
the public health concern of the organisms. The aim of this review was
to summarise information on the epidemiology and antibiogram of
Campylobacter in humans and animals in East African countries.
Method: A structured literature search of PUBMED and Science Direct electronic databases.
Results: Forty reports on thermophilic Campylobacter were identified in four of the five East African countries in the following order;
Kenya (16), Tanzania (17), Uganda (4) and Rwanda (3). No study was found to report thermophilic Campylobacter
infections in either
humans or animals in Burundi. Studies on animals reported colonization
of both domestic and wild species. Of the studies that described
Campylobacter infections in humans, both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects were reported to be infected; with higher prevalence in
subjects younger than five years old. Among isolates, some demonstrated antimicrobial resistance.
Conclusion: Available information for both human and animal
Campylobacteriosis in the region is however sparse thus calling for more
research to better understand the epidemiology of infections caused by
the organism including clonal dependence and independence of
human and animal derived isolates. This understanding will help
researchers and health program developers in designing and implementing
effective control strategies. Since the organism is zoonotic its control
strategies should adopt the “One Health” approach involving
collaborative efforts from veterinary and human medicine.
Human and Animal Thermophilic Campylobacter infections in East African countries: Epidemiology and Antibiogram by Erick VG Komba in BJSTR
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