Journals on Psychology - BJSTR Journal

Abstract

#Monoclonal Gammapathi is cause by the expansion of a #monoclonal plasma cell, that gives rise to a monoclonal immunoglobulin. Monoclonal Gammapathi of Undetermined Diagnosis (MGUS) is the reason for approximately 50% of all cases of a plasma M-component. MGUS is a non-malignant condition, with a prevalence of 3-4% in the general population over 50 years. Approximately 1-2% of the patient’s progress into Multiple Myeloma (MM), #Macroglobulinemia or Lymphoma per year, and after 15-20 years ca 25% of the patients have developed a malignant disease. MGUS is therefore often looked at as a #pre-malignant state, and every patient diagnosed with MM has started as MGUS (Landgren et al 2009, Weiss et al 2009). MGUS is distinguished from MM by the amount of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) (in general under 10%, though depending on the immunoglobulin) or the presence of MDE-criterion. There might be Bence-Jones proteinuria and/or suppression of immunoglobulins in both cases. MGUS-patients do not have any symptoms of their condition and is usually diagnosed after a M-component is found coincidental blood sample. There are no known risk factors for developing MGUS, and the reason for progression to MM has not yet been found. MM is diagnosed in ca 300 patient a year in Denmark. It is a malignant BM-disease evolving from the plasma cells [1]. MM is a “uncurable” disease, but the prognosis has improved over the last couple of decades, and the prevalence is therefore increasing. The improved prognosis is based on the introduction of high dose (HD) chemotherapy followed by #autologous stemcelltransplantation(SCT) in the 90´s and later new drugs as Thalidomide, Bortezomib, Lenalidomide etc. The supporting therapy has also improved and contributes to the better outcome.

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Mgus or Multiple Myeloma – The Importens of the Right Diagnosis by Eirik Tjønnfjord in BJSTR