Journals on Emergency Medicine - BJSTR Journal

Abstract

It is essential to understand the biology of #differenced thyroid cancer (DTC) to make decision based on prognostic factors and risk-group analysis. Various clinical and pathological prognostic factors for thyroid cancer have been reported around the world which includes age, grade of #tumor, extrathyroid extension, size of tumor #histological features, and distant metastasis. Based on prognostic factors, patients can be divided into low-risk (i.e., young patients with favorable prognostic factors) or high-risk (older patients with unfavorable prognostic factors). Another category of intermediate risk is added which includes patients less than 45 years but with unfavorable prognostic factors and patients more than 45 years with favorable prognostic factors [1]. On the basis of these risk-group analysis, survival in patients with DTC is 99% in low risk groups, 87% in intermediate groups and 57% in high- risk groups [2]. The ideal extent of surgery for DTC remains controversial despite numerous retrospective studies. The main reason for ongoing controversy is the fact that a randomized, prospective trial comparing extent of surgery is almost impossible to perform, given the low mortality rate in thyroid cancer. #Optimal thyroidectomy is one of the four cornerstones of thyroid cancer management, others being remnant radio-iodine ablation (RAI), thyroxine suppression and surveillance. Optimal thyroidectomy could be either total thyroidectomy #various hemithyroidectomy. The evidence in favour of either of these procedures will be based on the risk of complications, rate of loco-regional recurrence and cause specific mortality.

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Extent of Initial Surgery for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) by Anand Kumar Mishra in BJSTR