Abstract
The aim of this article is to review scholarly work carried out on
the effect of long transportation stress. Stress due to long
transportation of
cattle can be measured by comparing baseline measurements when the
animal is not subjected to a stress inducing factors, to those measured
when an animal is experiencing a stressful event. Cattle transport
produces physical, psychological, and climatic factors that affect
animals with
different intensities and duration. The most pervasive factors of long
#transportation of cattle include, pre-transport management, the
attitudes
of stakeholders and inappropriate driving skills, laws and codes of
practice, methods used during handling, loading and unloading, the
design
of vehicle and equipment used for loading, and poor road conditions.
Other important factors causing stress are insufficient ventilation,
high
#stockingdensities, mixing of unfamiliar groups and social regrouping,
feed and water deprivation, noise, vibration, novelty, time of transit
and
length of the journey, #genetic differences between #breeds, and payment
of persons working with animals, actual physical #climaticcondition and
risk of disease #transmission.
For more Biomedical open access journals please click on https://biomedres.us/
For more Research Articles on BJSTR
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.